P V Narasimha Rao

P.V. Narasimha Rao, in full Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao (born June 28, 1921, Karimnagar, Telangana, India. died Dec. 23, 2004, New Delhi), leader of the Congress (I) Party and prime minister of India from 1991 to 1996.

Early life

Rao had “humble social origins”. He was born on 28 June 1921 at Lakkampally village near Narsampet in Warangal District. At the age of 3 years he was adopted and brought up to Vangara village in the present-day Karimnagar district of Telangana, then part of Hyderabad State.His father P. Ranga Rao and mother Rukminiamma hailed from agrarian families.

Rao studied at Osmania University in Hyderabad and at Bombay and Nagpur universities, eventually receiving a law degree from the latter institution. He entered politics as a Congress Party activist working for independence from Britain. He served in the Andhra Pradesh legislative assembly from 1957 to 1977, supporting Indira Gandhi in her split from the Congress Party organization in 1969. He held various ministerial positions in the Andhra Pradesh government from 1962 to 1973, including that of chief minister, or governor, from 1971.

Political career

Narasimha Rao was an active freedom fighter during the Indian Independence movement and joined full-time politics after independence as a member of the Indian National Congress. Narasimha Rao served brief stints in the Andhra Pradesh cabinet (1962–1971) and as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (1971–1973). His tenure as Chief minister of Andhra Pradesh is well remembered even today for his land reforms and strict implementation of land ceiling acts in Telangana region. President’s rule had to be imposed to counter the Jai Andhra movement during his tenure.

He rose to national prominence in 1972 for handling several diverse portfolios, most significantly Home, Defence and Foreign Affairs, in the cabinets of both Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi. In fact, it is speculated that he was in the running for the post of India’s President along with Zail Singh in 1982.

Rao very nearly retired from politics in 1991. It was the assassination of the Congress President Rajiv Gandhi that made him make a comeback. As the Congress had won the largest number of seats in the 1991 elections, he got the opportunity to head the minority government as Prime Minister. He was the first person outside the Nehru-Gandhi family to serve as Prime Minister for five continuous years, the first to hail from southern India and also the first from the state of Telangana.

Since Rao had not contested the general elections, he then participated in a by-election in Nandyal to join the parliament. Rao won from Nandyal with a victory margin of a record 5 lakh (500,000) votes and his win was recorded in the Guinness Book Of World Records. His cabinet included Sharad Pawar, himself a strong contender for the Prime Minister’s post, as Defence Minister. He also broke a convention by appointing a non-political economist and future prime minister, Manmohan Singh as his Finance Minister.

Elections fought

Narasimha Rao fought and won elections from different parts of India such as Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Odisha.

Death

Rao suffered a heart attack on 9 December 2004, and was taken to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences where he died 14 days later at the age of 83. In Delhi, his body was not allowed inside AICC building but was cremated with full state honours in Hyderabad after the then Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, Dr. Y.S.Rajashekhar Reddy intervened. His body was kept in state at the Jubilee Hall in Hyderabad. His funeral was attended by the then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, the then Home Affairs Minister H. D. Deve Gowda, the then Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) president L.K. Advani, the then De fence Minister Pranab Mukherjee, the then Finance Minister P. Chidambaram and many other dignitaries. Rao was a long-time widower and he was survived by his eight children.

The Government of Telangana declared birth anniversary celebrations of late P.V. Narasimha Rao, as State function in 2014.

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Prof. Jayashankar

Kothapalli Jayashankar popularly known as Professor Jayashankar (6 August 1934 – 21 June 2011) was an Indian academic and politician. He was the ideologue of Telangana Movement. He has been fighting for a separate state since 1952. He often stated that unequal distribution of river water was the root cause of separate Telangana movement. He was the former Vice Chancellor of Kakatiya University and an activist in the Separate Telangana Movement

Early life

K. Jayashankar was born in Akkampet village, Atmakur mandal, Warangal in erstwhile Hyderabad state to Lakshmikantha Rao and Mahalakshmi of the Vishwakarma community. He did his schooling in Hanamkonda, Warangal and his M.A. in Economics at Banaras Hindu University, M.A. in Economics at Aligarh University and Ph.D. in Economics at Osmania University, and B.Ed. at Osmania University.

Life

During the Nizam rule in Hyderabad state, it was mandatory for all schools to sing a song praising the Nizam, when the headmaster of the Markaji High School in Hanamkonda asked his students to sing the song, K. Jayashankar, then a Class VI student, defied the rule and sang Vandemataram. His biography “Voduvani Muchchata” written by Kompelli Venkat Goud was released by KCR and other prominent personalities.
Telangana movement

As a young student of intermediate, he walked out of his class in protest against state reorganization in 1952. He also started in a bus to participate in 1952 Mulkhi Agitation. Then, in 1962, he was part of a campaign which rocked the region. He joined the movement for a separate Telangana state in 1952, when he was a student leader.

As a lecturer, in 1968, he participated in the revived the agitation. He carried out his struggle for Telangana through research and academic studies, and by educating people on the cause. He is known as the original Telangana ideologue. He led several agitations since 1962, transforming into a mass movement after 1969 agitation.

He was associated with the Telangana movement efforts to obtain statehood for Telangana since 1952, stating with Non-Mulki go back and Idli Sambar go back movement. He wanted the “Puri Mutton” to populate the lands of Telangana. In 1969 Jayashankar formed a team with ten members to fight for Telangana. He was the only survivor while the others were killed in police firing. He then started Telangana Janasabha. It was banned by the Indian government. He authored a large number of articles and research papers, in English and Telugu, on various aspects of the Telangana Problem.

He was instrumental in forming the Telangana Development Forum (TDF, U.S.A.) in 1999. He was invited by the American Telugu Association (ATA) U.S.A., to speak about the Problems of regional disparities in Andhra Pradesh in July 2000 and July 2002. He was invited by the Telangana Development Forum (TDF) U.S.A. to give a series of lectures on various facets of the Telangana Movement in ten major cities of the United States during July/August 2000.

At the time of his death, he was the Chairman of Centre for Telangana Studies which is engaged in research and publication relating to problems of Telangana. He is the founder member of Telangana Aikya Vedika and was on its Executive Committee.

Prof. Jayashanakar always believes that Telangana can only be achieved through political process, at the same time, we always supported agitations run by all non-political organizations. He spent whole of his life for the cause of Telangana.

It was Jayashankar who offered lime juice to the TRS president when the latter broke his famous fast for Telangana in December, 2009.

Teaching career

Professor Jayashankar was Registrar of the then Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages (CIEFL) before being appointed Vice-chancellor of Kakatiya University in 1991.

(i) Taught Economics and supervised research at Doctoral Level.
(ii) Made in-depth studies on the problems emanating from regional disparities in the levels of development with special reference to A.P.
(iii) Has to his credit a large number of papers published in the areas of Economic Development and Educational Economics.

Death

He died on 21 June 2011 11.15 AM after battling stomach cancer. He did not marry and remained a bachelor all his life. He sacrificed his life in pursuit of a separate Telangana State.

Source from: wikipedia

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Konda Laxman Bapuji

Konda Laxman Bapuji (27 September 1915 – 21 September 2012) was an Indian freedom fighter who participated in the Telangana Rebellion. He died on 21 September 2012 at his residence in Hyderabad

Early life

Bapuji was born in Wankidi village, Adilabad district, Hyderabad State in Padmashali community.

Career

He participated in the Quit India movement in 1942, in the 1952 Non mulki agitation and 1969 Telangana Agitation. He was the first minister to resign from his post for Telangana cause in 1969.

He was a member of Telangana Sadhana Samithi. He announced, “We solemnly declare statehood for Telangana on November 2, 2008.”

He was instrumental in forming Akhila Bharat padmashali sangam at Hyderabad.

Mr. Bapuji met Mahatma Gandhi in 1931 and inspired by him, he participated in quit India movement and also waged battle against the Nizam and the Razaakars during the Telangana armed struggle in 1947-48.

He was first elected as MLA from Asifabad constituency in Adilabad district in 1952. In 1957, Asifabad became a reserved constituency so he shifted to Nalgonda district which had large number of padmashali population. He won from Chinna Kodur (later renamed as Bhongir) constituency in 1957 and served as deputy speaker from 1957 to 1960 and as minister from 1960 to 1962.

He unsuccessfully contested as MLA from Munugodu constituency in 1962 but later on served as MLA and minister (1967-69) for two terms from Bhongir assembly constituency (1967-72, 1972-78).

Because of his capabilities, straightforward nature and the clean image he was frontrunner for the CM post on two occasions. It was a well-known fact that due to caste equation and internal politics within the Congress he missed the bus. Unhappy with the former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi’s opposition to the Mandal commission recommendations, he resigned from the primary membership of the Congress in 1987.

Unlike most leaders from Telangana region, Konda Laxman Bapuji had the courage to sacrifice and remained out of power for four decades to achieve Telangana statehood.

Source from: wikipedia

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Burgula Ramakrishna Rao

Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao (March 13, 1899 – September 15, 1967) was the first elected Chief Minister of the erstwhile Hyderabad State who led the struggle against the Nizam in the princely State

Early life

Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was born in a Telugu Brahmin family in Padakallu village, Kalwakurthy taluk, Mahbubnagar district. His surname was Pullamraju and after some time he was known by his village name Burgula. He was educated at the Dharmavanth and Excelsior High School, Hyderabad, he took his B.A. (Hons) degree from Fergusson College, Pune and law from Bombay University in 1913.

Career

Burgula Ramakrishna Rao started his career as a lawyer in Hyderabad and made a great name at the bar as a legal luminary.

As a freedom fighter later, joining the national movement, Dr. Rao led the historic struggle against the Nizam for the merger of Hyderabad State with the Indian Union along with Swami Ramananda Teertha and other leaders. He was one of the founder members of the Hyderabad State Congress. He presided over the third Andhra Mahasabha conference at Devarkonda in 1913 and was responsible for creating an awakening among the people of Telangana for their rights, and promoting the library movement in the State.

Due to his prominent role in the `Quit India Movement’ in 1942 and again for his participation in the freedom struggle in 1947, he was arrested by the Nizam’s police. K.M. Munshi, the then Agent of India in Hyderabad State, spoke of his great contribution to the timely `Police Action’ by India against the Nizam who ultimately surrendered to the Indian forces on September 17, 1948. After the merger of Hyderabad State with the Indian Union in 1948, he joined the Vellodi Cabinet as Revenue and Education Minister.

In the first general elections held in Hyderabad State in 1952, Dr. Rao was elected from Shadnagar constituency and later took over the reins of the State as the Chief Minister.

He was the first and the last elected Chief Minister of the former Hyderabad State and it is a historic fact that after two and a half centuries of Asaf Jahi rule of Hyderabad State, a Telugu man became the Chief Minister and ran a popular administration of the State for almost five years till the State was trifurcated and Telangana merged with Andhra to become Andhra Pradesh.

He took several significant steps for the welfare of the people, including the historic `land reforms’ in the State. The passage and implementation of the famous Hyderabad Tenancy and Agricultural Act of 1950, followed in 1954 by Hyderabad Tenancy and Agricultural lands (Amendment) Act, was an important signpost of land reforms in the country. Dr. Rao not only provided the conceptual framework for these Acts but also piloted their passage and vigorously pushed through their implementation, providing tenancy rights to those who had been cultivating lands for some time.

From November 1956 to July 1960, Dr. Ramakrishna Rao was the Governor of Kerala and subsequently Governor of Uttar Pradesh till April 1962. He was later elected to the Rajya Sabha, which he served from 1962 to 1966. He died on September 14, 1967.

Birth centenary celebrations

The birth centenary celebrations of Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao were held under the auspices of the Government of A.P. from 13-3-99 to 13-3-2000. The AP Chief Minister, N. Chandrababu Naidu, inaugurated the centenary celebrations and a commemoration stamp of this great leader was released by the Department of Posts, Government of India, on 13-3-2000. The Prime Minister, Atal Behari Vajpayee, released the biography of this great leader on August 31, 1999, at the Raj Bhavan in Hyderabad.

Dr. Burgula’s versatility was truly amazing and he stood like a colossus among the leaders of those times and carved out a niche for himself as a multi-faceted personality.

Personal life

Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was married to Mrs Anantha lakshmi Devi and is survived by his son, Burgula Lakshmi Narayana Rao.

His eldest son late Shri Burgula Ranganatha Rao died in 2008 and Shri Lakshmi Narayana Rao is his only surviving child. He is also survived by his grandsons, Burgula LakshmiKanth, Burgula Sai Ramakrishna, and Burgula Pavan Kumar. Shri late Ranganatha Rao has four surviving daughters Mrs Jayadevi, Mrs Vasumathi, Mrs Radha anad Mrs Prabhavathi. Dr Illindala Prabhakara Rao, Padmaja Sharada are his grand children born to his eldest daughter late Mrs Syamala Devi. He is survived by Mrs Aruna daughter of the eldest daughter of Mrs Anantha Lakshmi Devi. His second daughter Krishna Kumari was wedded into the family of late Shri M. Narasinga Rao former minister (his eldest son Shri Narasimha Rao). He has three granddaughters Deepika, Jyothika and Purnima.

Commemorations

A gold medal was instituted for meritorious student in Humanities (Philosophy) at Shri Satya Sai Institute of Higher learning by Bhagawan Shri Shri Sathya Sai Baba varu Himself A gold medal for meritorious student in all disciplines of engineering at JNTU Hyderabad by his son Lakshmi N Rao and his sons Sai R Krishna, Pavan kumar.

A statue in his memory at GHMC was instituted by Shri N Chandrababu Naidu former C.M of A.P, and BRKR government offices building instituted by late Shri N.T.Rama Rao the then C.M of Andhra Pradesh.

The regime of late Shri T. Anjayya saw the etablishment of Dr. BRKR Govt. Ayurvedic College, Hyderabad S.R Nagar .It is the premier Institution in the State of Andhra Pradesh catering to the Education of Ayruveda.

Source from: wikipedia

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Komaram Bheem

Komaram Bheem (22–19 October 1940) was a tribal leader who fought against the Asaf Jahi Dynasty for the liberation of Hyderabad. Komaram Bheem openly fought against the ruling Nizam government in a guerrilla campaign. He defied courts, laws, and any other form of Nizam authority, living off the sustenance of the forest. He took up arms against Nizam Nawab’s soldiers, and fought Babi Jhari until his last breath.

Early life

Bheem was born into a family of Gond Tribals in the forests of Adilabad in the region of Telangana within Andhra Pradesh. He was not exposed to the outside world and did not have any formal education.

Life

He has given slogan of Jal, Jungle, Jameen ( It means Water, Forest, Land). It means the people who live in forests should have the right on all the resources of the forest. Komaram bheem was born in family of Gonda Tribals in the forests of Adilabad. He was not exposed to the out side world and did not have any formal education. He was inspired by Alluri Sitaramaraju, and his heart was aflame when he heard the death of Bhagat Singh. Realising that the time was near to revolt against the Nizam Government’s wild official injustice, Komaram Bheem became a veritable deity, raging with the fire of revolt.

Talukdar Abdul Sattar failed to bring Bheem to kow-tow his line. Abdul Sattar, well equipped with ninety policemen armed with guns, attacked Bheem, who did not have any armour to protect himself. On that fateful full moon night, hundreds of followers of Bheem armed themselves with bows, arrows, swords and spears. The fearless Gonds launched a frontal assault, from just a dozen feet away from the Nizam’s police force, braved their guns, only to be riddled with bullets. That night, the moon burnt like a flaming sun.

That night, the wild moonlight became a veritable stream of tears.That night, the martyr Komaram Bheem became deity and eternal hero to the Hindu community. Komaram Bheem is Trible leader who fought against the erstwhile Asaf Jahi Dynasty for the liberation of Hyderabad State at the Beginning of the 20th century. In Telugu, he is known as Komaram Puli.

Legacy

Komaram Bheem is a bright flame that lit the fire of liberation amongst the people. On December 17, 2009, it was announced that a statue of Bheem would be installed in Hyderabad.

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