Telangana state became the 29th state of India On 2 June 2014, consisting of the ten north – western districts of Andhra Pradesh. The city of Hyderabad will serve as the joint capital of telangana state and andhra pradesh for up to ten years.
Telangana is bordered by the states of Andhra Pradesh to the south and east, Maharashtra to the north and north-west, Karnataka to the west and Chhattisgarh to the north-east. Telangana has an area of 114,840 square kilometres (44,340 sq mi), and a population of 35,286,757 (2011 census). Hyderabad, Secunderabad, Warangal, Karimnagar and Nizamabad are the major cities in Telangana State.
Etymology
The name Telangana is thought to have been derived from the word Telugu, which is the land of Telugu-speaking people. Trilinga, as in Trilinga Desa, which translates to “the country of the three lingas”. According to a Hindu legend, Lord Shiva descended as linga on three mountains, namely Kaleshwaram, Srisailam and Draksharama, which marked the boundaries of the Trilinga desa which then is later called as ‘Thelinga’, ‘Telunga’, ‘Telugu’.
The name “Telangana” was designated to distinguish the predominantly Telugu-speaking region of the erstwhile Hyderabad State from its predominantly Marathi-speaking one, Marathwada
One of the earliest uses of a word similar to Telangana can be seen in a name of Malik Maqbul (14th century C.E.), who was called Tilangani, which implies that he was from Tilangana. He was the commander of Warangal Fort (Kaṭaka pāludu in Telugu).
Number of Districts 10 Hyderabad, RangaReddy, Medak, Karimnagar, Warangla, Nalgonda, Mahabubnagar, Nizamabad, Adilabad, Khammam.
Economy – Primarily agriculture – much of the land is arid, not as fertile as the agriculturally rich coastal region.
Dams – Nizam Sagar, Jurala project in Mahbubnagar, Nagarjuna Sagar.
Crops are wheat, jowar cotton, groundnut, maize, sugarcane, Sunflower. Cottage industries like beedi making, handlooms, crafts.
Major industries – Many of industry located in and around Hyderabad barring some heavy weights like Coal – Singareni Collieries Company limited (SCCL). Sugar factories at Bhodan, paper industry at Sirpur kagaznagar and ITC Bhadrachalam, Ramagundam Super Thermal Power Plant (NTPC), Kothgudem Thermal Power plant.
Private industry – in last 15 years, Hyderabad emerged as IT, BT and Pharma hub of India. Reddy Labs, Indian Immunologicals, Aurobindo, Microsoft, Facebook, mahindra satyam, Wipro, TCS, Cognizant are here. Google India is here . Tata setting up their Aero SEZ.
Public Sector Units and Research Establishments concentrated in Hyderabad -Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Electronics Corporation of India Limited (ECIL), Misra Dhatu Nigam Limited (MIDHANI), Nuclear Fuel complex (NFC), Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals limited-IDPL, Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Bharat Dynamics limited (BDL), NRSA, National Institute of Nutrition, NGRI, CCMB.
Major educational institutions – Osmania, JNTU, Kakatiya, IIT Medak, BITS, IIIT, Hyderabad Central University (formed after 1960 agitation), NIT Warangal, ISB.
